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Topic: Fish welfare

Results

New Tool Against Dangerous Salmon Parasite

Salmon Secrete Substances that Attract Sea Lice

Lighting up marine organisms

Skin cell discovery could help Atlantic salmon fend off sea lice

What happens to cod when sea temperature increases?

Diagnosing nephrocalcinosis in the field

The smolt are larger now than previously, but are they stronger?

Rib fractures may be the main cause of melanin spots

Large cod most susceptible to injuries in seine fishing

Sensitive nose when exposed to toxic gas

Stunning fish with supercooled brine has potential

Sterile farmed salmon have a good life

New knowledge about ballan wrasse feed

Found that the DHA fatty acid promotes fillet quality

Larval stage stress can make farmed fish more robust later in life

LED lighting safe for salmon in RAS facilities

Salt water acclimatisation strengthens the skin of post-smolt Atlantic salmon

New handbook on welfare indicators for farmed rainbow trout

Muscles grow in strong currents

Warming seas are bad news for farmed salmon

The barrier tissue of salmon is affected by zinc and omega-3

Cod needs space

Dietary protein-to-lipid ratio is key for fish performance

English version of the FISHWELL Atlantic salmon welfare handbook

Large smolt not always best

How do we assess the welfare of farmed salmon?

Welfare of fish used in scientific trials on the agenda

Farmed salmon need marine omega 3

Optimal feed reduced mortality

Projects

Thumbnail for Next-Level-Welfare Behavioural monitoring of aquatic animals 

SIS Next-Level-Welfare

Next-Level-Welfare Behavioural monitoring of aquatic animals 

2025 - 2027

Thumbnail for New frontiers in salmonid biology

SIS Frontiers

New frontiers in salmonid biology

2025 - 2027

Thumbnail for Risk assessment of algal toxins in new marine feed sources for salmon

ShellFeed

Risk assessment of algal toxins in new marine feed sources for salmon

Thumbnail for New feeds for farmed spotted wolffish

WOLFFISH

New feeds for farmed spotted wolffish

2023 - 2024

Thumbnail for Salmon Map of Organs and Cells for Optimal Development of Embryos

SALMOCODE

Salmon Map of Organs and Cells for Optimal Development of Embryos

2023 - 2026

Thumbnail for Establishing the code of best practices for Atlantic salmon gill health in a multifactorial world

GillHealthAct

Establishing the code of best practices for Atlantic salmon gill health in a multifactorial world

2023 - 2026

Thumbnail for Investigating Urea for Enhanced Welfare in Farmed Salmon

Investigating Urea for Enhanced Welfare in Farmed Salmon

2023 - 2025

Thumbnail for How will climate change affect the production of farmed cod?

ArctiCod

How will climate change affect the production of farmed cod?

2023 - 2024

Thumbnail for Improving resistance of farmed Atlantic cod to francisellosis

FRANTIC

Improving resistance of farmed Atlantic cod to francisellosis

2023 - 2028

Thumbnail for Enhanced fish performance and biosecurity by manipulation of the natural microbiome of Atlantic salmon

NatBiom

Enhanced fish performance and biosecurity by manipulation of the natural microbiome of Atlantic salmon

2023 - 2024

Thumbnail for Improving Atlantic salmon health and welfare by metabolic programming

COOLFISH

Improving Atlantic salmon health and welfare by metabolic programming

2021 - 2025

Thumbnail for Life cycle study of Atlantic salmon with temperature and salinity as critical test variables

Temp-Intens

Life cycle study of Atlantic salmon with temperature and salinity as critical test variables

2022 - 2025

Thumbnail for Biologically driven automation of salmon production conditions in RAS

RAS 4.0

Biologically driven automation of salmon production conditions in RAS

2021 - 2026

Thumbnail for Pathogen dynamics and disinfection in Atlantic salmon recirculating aquaculture system

PathoRAS

Pathogen dynamics and disinfection in Atlantic salmon recirculating aquaculture system

2023 - 2026

Thumbnail for Genetics of AGD and gill health in Atlantic salmon

EATFISH

Genetics of AGD and gill health in Atlantic salmon

2021 - 2024

Thumbnail for Adapting spectral and molecular tools to improve fish welfare assessments

DeepVision

Adapting spectral and molecular tools to improve fish welfare assessments

2022 - 2024

Thumbnail for Harvesting at Sea

Harvesting at Sea

2022 - 2024

Thumbnail for Animal Welfare in Fisheries

Animal Welfare in Fisheries

2022 - 2024

Thumbnail for Harnessing cross-species variation in sea lice resistance

CrispResist

Harnessing cross-species variation in sea lice resistance

2021 - 2024

Thumbnail for Sustainable afteruse of lumpfish

Lumpfish4Food

Sustainable afteruse of lumpfish

2020 - 2023

Thumbnail for Digitalisation for better assesment of fish welfare

DigitalAqua

Digitalisation for better assesment of fish welfare

2019 - 2023

Thumbnail for Atlantic salmon biology in focus: for a robust fish in a shifting aquaculture industry

BIO4ROBUST

Atlantic salmon biology in focus: for a robust fish in a shifting aquaculture industry

2020 - 2022

Thumbnail for Water treatment in RAS systems

RASHealth

Water treatment in RAS systems

2020 - 2023

Thumbnail for Animal welfare, ethics, quality and added value in coastal fisheries

EthiCatch

Animal welfare, ethics, quality and added value in coastal fisheries

2020 - 2022

Thumbnail for Welfare of cleaner fish

RENSVEL

Welfare of cleaner fish

2015 - 2019

Thumbnail for Programming Fish for Robustness

PROGRESS

Programming Fish for Robustness

2017 - 2020

Thumbnail for Farmed animals welfare toolbox

FarmWELL

Farmed animals welfare toolbox

2018 - 2020

Events

17. Jun. 2025

Early life temperatures in salmonids – optimal hatching protocols?

Webinar

Worth knowing

Worth knowing about bacterial wounds in Atlantic salmon

42 highlights from research on closed aquaculture systems

Worth to know about cleaner fish such as lumpfish and ballan wrasse

Fish skin and its protective properties

A brief overview of fish farming systems

Facilities

Research permits in aquaculture

Large scale, commercially beneficial research is being carried out together with the fish farming industry in Southern, Central and Northern Norway as part of Nofima’s research licenses.

Fish Pilot Plant

The fish pilot plant has its own fish reception area where whole fish and fillets are delivered to undergo quality analysis.

Tromsø Aquaculture Research Station

Tromsø Aquaculture Research Station, of which we are part-owners, is a modern research facility for experimental studies of marine fish, freshwater fish, molluscs, crustaceans and other aquatic organisms.

Nofima Centre for Recirculation in Aquaculture

Recirculation of water provides extremely good control of the water environment, sensible utilisation of water sources and better protection against infection.

Research Station for Aquaculture – Sunndalsøra

At this land-based research station at Sunndalsøra with fresh water, seawater and recirculated water, we can carry out biological and technological experiments along the complete aquaculture value chain.

Press releases

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Research and industry meet at the smolt conference (15. May 2024)

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Climate change adaptation for aquaculture discussed (02. May 2024)

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Geneticists bringing unique expertise (23. Jun 2023)

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Final annual report of CtrlAQUA (27. Apr 2023)

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Millions in funding for research on salmon parasite (24. Mar 2023)

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New members join a team working to reduce the problem of salmon lice in fish farming (29. Aug 2022)

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Green transition at the 2022 smolt conference (18. Aug 2022)

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Animal research prize for Nofima researchers (08. Jun 2021)

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Establishing how feed, stress and the colour of salmon flesh are interconnected (21. Sep 2020)

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Download the Fishwell handbooks (05. May 2020)

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99 researchers brought together for preventive fish health (18. Sep 2019)

Publications

Regnbueørret responderer ikke som en laks under termisk behandling

Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, 2025
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Characterisation of Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) Skin and Development of a Digital Histomorphometric Tool to Analyse It

Journal of Fish Diseases, 2025
Academic article

Overview of methods for production of sterile salmonids, their applicability in aquaculture and possible implications to wild salmon populations and biodiversity in Norway

VKM Report, 2025
Academic literature review

The Interaction Between Dietary Fat Level, n-3 LC-PUFA, and Zinc on Their Postprandial Absorption Kinetics in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Aquaculture Nutrition, 2024
Academic article

“Influence of short-to-continuous and continuous photoperiods combined with elevated temperatures on sexual maturation in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus, L. 1758)”

Aquaculture, 2025
Academic article

Molecular regulation of cardiomyocyte functions by exogenous hydrogen sulphide in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Genomics, 2025
Academic article

Effects of the dietary supplementation of manganese on growth, skeletal development, oxidative stress and bone metabolism related genes in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) larvae

Aquaculture, 2025
Academic article

The nasal microbiota of two marine fish species: diversity, community structure, variability, and first insights into the impacts of climate change-related stressors

FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 2025
Academic article

A fish intestinal in vitro model for investigation of lipid metabolism and steatosis

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 2025
Academic article

Effects of n-3 very-long-chain PUFA on bone mineralisation

British Journal of Nutrition, 2024
Academic article

MERKrabBART – Dyrevelferd og hygiene ved merking og levendelagring av kongekrabbe og snøkrabbe

2024
Nofima’s reports

Transcriptomic profiling of gill biopsies to define predictive markers for seawater survival in farmed Atlantic salmon

Journal of Fish Biology, 2024
Academic article

Uttesting av ny teknologi for pumping av levende fisk

Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, 2024
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Environmental challenge trials induce a biofluorescent response in the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis

Scientific Reports, 2024
Academic article

Genomic and functional characterization of the Atlantic salmon gut microbiome in relation to nutrition and health

Nature Microbiology, 2024
Academic article

Intracellular metabolome elucidates the time-of-day-dependent response to hydrogen peroxide in salmonid gill epithelial cells

Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 2024
Academic article

Effects of the Interaction between Dietary Vitamin D3 and Vitamin K3 on Growth, Skeletal Anomalies, and Expression of Bone and Calcium Metabolism-Related Genes in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)

Animals, 2024
Academic article

Hydrogensulfid i oppdrettsanlegg: Nofima-forskere fant nøkkel til bedre fiskevelferd

LandbasedAQ, 2024
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Effekten av ulike desinfeksjonsstrategier på Spironucleus Salmonicida

2024
Nofima’s reports

Evaluating a crowding intensity scale and welfare indicators for Atlantic salmon in sea cages

Aquaculture Reports, 2024
Academic article

Consumer intention to buy products containing fish with better welfare: the role of empathy in an extended value–belief–norm model

British Food Journal, 2024
Academic article

Keratinocytes drive the epithelial hyperplasia key to sea lice resistance in coho salmon

BMC Biology, 2024
Academic article

Mucosal organs exhibit distinct response signatures to hydrogen sulphide in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2024
Academic article

Understanding morphological rib abnormalities in Atlantic salmon

Aquaculture, 2024
Academic article

Mucosal organs exhibit distinct response signatures to hydrogen sulphide in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2024
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Effects of prolonged application of peracetic acid-based disinfectant on recirculating aquaculture systems stocked with Atlantic salmon parr

Science of the Total Environment, 2024
Academic article

Evaluering av fangstskader ved bruk av hyperspektral avbildning

2024
Nofima’s reports

Drift og videreutvikling av bærekraftportalen – Fase 2. Faglig sluttrapport FHF-prosjekt 901541

2024
Nofima’s reports

Towards sustainable water disinfection with peracetic acid in aquaculture: A review

Reviews in Aquaculture, 2024
Academic literature review

Skin detachment from salmon and rainbow trout

2023
Report

Fasting and its implications for fish welfare in Atlantic salmon aquaculture

Reviews in Aquaculture, 2024
Academic literature review

Triploid Atlantic salmon in aquaculture – Consequences for fish health and welfare under farming conditions. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Animal Health and Welfare

VKM Report, 2023
Academic article

Embracing prospects for reducing the numbers of animals used in aquaculture research

Journal of Fish Biology, 2024
Academic article

Biofluorescent response in lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus to a therapeutic stressor as assessed by hyperspectral imaging

Scientific Reports, 2024
Academic article

Is the winter period a severe bottleneck of anadromous riverine Arctic charr parr?

Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 2009
Academic article

Fangstskadevurdering av snurrevadfisk

2024
Nofima’s reports

Mucosal and systemic physiological changes underscore the welfare risks of environmental hydrogen sulphide in post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2024
Academic article

Betydning av tidspunkt og lengde av vintersignal i RAS for prestasjon i sjø ved utsett av stor smolt

2023
Nofima’s reports

Digital scoring of welfare traits in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) – a proof of concept study quantifying dorsal fin haemorrhaging via hyperspectral imaging

Frontiers in Animal Science, 2023
Academic article

Stress and gut responses of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to elevated levels of hydrogen sulphide

Aquaculture, 2023
Academic article

Electrical stunning and killing of Atlantic salmon

2023
Nofima’s reports

Evolutionary predictions for a parasite metapopulation: Modelling salmon louse resistance to pest controls in aquaculture

Evolutionary Applications, 2023
Academic article

Utvikling av et miljø- og ressursvennlig teinefiske etter snøkrabbe – Økt fangsteffektivitet, selektivitet og velferd

2023
Report

Triploid Atlantic salmon in aquaculture – Consequences for fish health and welfare under farming conditions

2023
Report

Intergenerational effects of early life-stage temperature modulation on gene expression and DNA methylation in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Epigenetics, 2023
Academic article

Virkemidler for redusert fiskedødelighet i oppdrettsnæringen

2022
Report

Pre-Slaughter Stunning of Farmed Atlantic Halibut in CO2-Saturated Seawater: Assessment of Unconsciousness by Electroencephalography (EEG)

Animals, 2023
Academic article

CtrlAQUA Final Report

2023
Nofima’s reports

The impact of parasitic sea lice on harvest quantities and sizes of farmed salmon

Aquaculture, 2023
Academic article

Welfare and performance of ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) reared at two different temperatures after a preparatory feeding trial with enhanced dietary eicosapentaenoic acid

Journal of Fish Biology, 2023
Academic article

Effect of spawning induced starvation on nutrient loss in males of the annual spawner Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus)

Aquaculture, 2023
Academic article

Digital scoring of welfare traits in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) – a proof of concept study quantifying dorsal fin haemorrhaging via hyperspectral imaging

Frontiers in Animal Science, 2023
Academic article

Fast and slow releasing sulphide donors engender distinct transcriptomic alterations in Atlantic salmon hepatocytes

Aquatic Toxicology, 2023
Academic article

Assessing Peracetic Acid Application Methodology and Impacts on Fluidized Sand Biofilter Performance

Aquaculture Research, 2023
Academic article

Nursing of Pike-Perch (Sander lucioperca) in Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) Provides Growth Advantage in Juvenile Growth Phase

Animals, 2023
Academic article

CtrlAQUA – Annual Report 2022 – Centre for Closed-Containment Aquaculture

2023
Report

Differential sensitivity of mucosal organs to transient exposure to hydrogen sulphide in post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Aquaculture, 2023
Academic article

The skin mucosal barrier of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) is weakened by exposure to potential aquaculture production-related stressors

Journal of Fish Biology, 2023
Academic article

Effects of dietary lipid level on growth, digestive physiology and disease resistance in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)

Aquaculture, 2023
Academic article

Nanofiltration of intake water in RAS: Effect on fish performance, health and welfare

2022
Nofima’s reports

Sulphide donors affect the expression of mucin and sulphide detoxification genes in the mucosal organs of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Frontiers in Physiology, 2022
Academic article

Effects of capture-related stress and pre-freezing holding in refrigerated sea water (RSW) on the muscle quality and storage stability of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) during subsequent frozen storage

Food Chemistry, 2022
Academic article

Lesions of the biliary system in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Journal of Fish Diseases, 2022
Academic article

Determination of the Oxidative Stress Biomarkers of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine and Dityrosine in the Gills, Skin, Dorsal Fin, and Liver Tissue of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Parr

Toxics, 2022
Academic article

Editorial: Biology Meets Technology: Aquatic Animals in Novel and New Aquaculture Production Systems

Frontiers in Animal Science, 2022
Editorial

Mucosal immune and stress responses of Neoparamoeba perurans-infected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) treated with peracetic acid shed light on the host-parasite-oxidant interactions

Frontiers in Immunology, 2022
Academic article

Health and welfare of Atlantic salmon in FishGLOBE V5 -a novel closed containment system at sea

Frontiers in Animal Science, 2022
Academic article

Recurrent oxidant treatment induces dysregulation in the brain transcriptome of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts

Toxicology reports, 2022
Academic article

Ultra-low temperature stunning

2022
Nofima’s reports

Overcoming barriers to breeding for increased lice resistance in farmed Atlantic salmon: A case study from Norway

Aquaculture, 2022
Academic article

Mode of Application of Peracetic Acid-Based Disinfectants has a Minimal Influence on the Antioxidant Defences and Mucosal Structures of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Parr

Frontiers in Physiology, 2022
Academic article

Development of cod farming in Norway: Past and current biological and market status and future prospects and directions

Reviews in Aquaculture, 2022
Academic literature review

Ny bivirkning av PD-vaksine

Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, 2021
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Prevention of the cross-stitch vertebrae syndrome in farmed Atlantic salmon

2021
Nofima’s reports

Transcriptome Responses of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens, Inflammation, and Stress

Frontiers in Immunology, 2021
Academic article

Intermittent administration of peracetic acid is a mild environmental stressor that elicits mucosal and systemic adaptive responses from Atlantic salmon post-smolts

BMC Zoology, 2022
Academic article

Multiomics provide insights into the key molecules and pathways involved in the physiological adaptation of atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to chemotherapeutic-induced oxidative stress

Antioxidants, 2021
Academic article

Exogenous sulphide donors modify the gene expression patterns of Atlantic salmon nasal leukocytes

Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 2022
Academic article

Kan fisk programmeres til å bli robust?

Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, 2021
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Stress Impairs Skin Barrier Function and Induces α2-3 Linked N-Acetylneuraminic Acid and Core 1 O-Glycans on Skin Mucins in Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021
Academic article

Theoretical basis and principles for welfare assessment of farmed fish

2020
Academic chapter/article/Conference paper

Pre mortem capturing stress of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in purse seine and subsequent effect on welfare and flesh quality

Fisheries Research, 2021
Academic article

In vivo and in vitro assessment of Atlantic salmon skin exposed to hydrogen peroxide

Aquaculture, 2021
Academic article

Inclusion of photoautotrophic cultivated diatom biomass in salmon feed can deter lice

PLOS ONE, 2021
Academic article

Consequences of continuous ozonation on the health and welfare of Atlantic salmon post-smolts in brackish water recirculating aquaculture system

Aquatic Toxicology, 2021
Academic article

Drivers behind variation in welfare, quality, and production performance in Atlantic salmon farming produktion data

2021
Doctoral dissertation

Summer Is Coming! Tackling Ocean Warming in Atlantic Salmon Cage Farming

Animals, 2021
Academic article

Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) use air-breathing and aquatic surface respiration when exposed to severe aquatic hypercarbia

Journal of Experimental Zoology – A (JEZ-A), 2021
Academic article

Klemskader kan øke forekomsten av mørke flekker i laksefilet

Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, 2021
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Utvikling av standarisert velferdsovervåking for laks i matfiskanlegg

Norsk Fiskeoppdrett, 2021
Article in business/trade/industry journal

Effects of ozone on post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) performance, health, and maturation in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems

Aquaculture, 2021
Academic article

Oxidative chemical stressors alter the physiological state of the nasal olfactory mucosa of atlantic salmon

Antioxidants, 2020
Academic article

Physical feed properties affect gastrointestinal passage rate in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar

Aquaculture Nutrition, 2020
Academic article

Divergent responses of Atlantic cod to ocean acidification and food limitation

Global Change Biology, 2019
Academic article

Effects of different incubation and start-feeding temperature regimes on growth, survival, and histomorphology of cod larvae

Aquaculture International, 2019
Academic article

Early introduction of an inert diet and unenriched Artemia enhances growth and quality of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae

Aquaculture Nutrition, 2018
Academic article

Effects of amino acid supplementations on metabolic and physiological parameters in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) under stress

Fish Physiology & Biochemistry, 2017
Academic article

Repeatability of fin length measurements using digital image analysis and studies of fin erosion as indicator of social interactions in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Aquaculture Research, 2016
Academic article

Effects of dietary levels and ratio of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol on the growth, survival and deformity levels of Atlantic cod larvae and early juveniles

Aquaculture Research, 2011
Academic article

Associated Research Areas

Capture fisheries

Farmed fish